Candi Prambanan or Roro Jonggrang is the largest Hindu temple complex in Indonesia, which was built in the 9th century AD. The temple is dedicated to Trimurti, the three main Hindu gods are Brahma the creator god, Vishnu the maintainer god, and Shiva the god of destruction.
The temple is situated in the village of Prambanan-Java, about 20 kilometers east of Yogyakarta. The temple is situated in the village of Rara Jonggrang Prambanan whose territory is divided between the district of Sleman and Klaten.
This temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site including, the largest Hindu temple in Indonesia, and one of the most beautiful temples in Southeast Asia. Architecture of the building is tall and slender form in accordance with Hindu architecture in general as the main temple of Shiva temple has a height reaching 47 meters in the center of the complex cluster of towering temples smaller. As one of the grandest temples in Southeast Asia, Prambanan temple the main attraction of tourists from around the world.
History
Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple and the grandest ever built in ancient Javanese, Hindu temple construction was started by Rakai kingdom Pikatan as a rival temple Borobudur Buddhist temple and also Sewu located not far from Prambanan.
Prambanan name, derived from the name of the village where the temple stands, believed to be the change of name of the Java language dialect "Para Brahman", which may refer to the heyday of the temple which formerly filled by the Brahmins.
Some historians have long suspected that the construction of grand Hindu temple to mark the return to power Sanjaya family on Java, this is related to the theory of twin dynasty different competing beliefs, ie Sanjaya dynasty Hindus and Buddhist Sailendra dynasty. Surely, with the construction of this temple marks that Hinduism Saiwa back the support of the royal family, after Sailendra dynasty tends to support the Mahayana Buddhist. This marks the kingdom Medang switch focus keagamaanya support, from Mahayana Buddhism to the worship of Shiva.
Shiva Temple is the main temple as well as the largest building in the temple complex notch another Jonggrang Rara, measuring 47 meters high and 34 meters wide. Mastaka peak or summit of this temple is crowned modification forms that symbolize wajra diamond or thunder. Forms wajra a Hindu version of the stupa sandingan found in Buddhist temples waterless. Shiva temple surrounded by a gallery hallway decorated with reliefs that tell the story of the Ramayana; engraved on the wall inside the balustrade. On top of this balustrade fenced waterless lineup that also shaped wajra. To follow the story order, visitors must enter from the east side, then do pradakshina which revolved around the temple clockwise. The story of Ramayana is continued to Brahma temple.
Shiva temple in the middle, containing five rooms, one room in each direction of the wind and one garbagriha, the main and largest room which is located in the center of the temple. East room connected to the main room where resides a statue of Shiva Mahadeva (Shiva as the embodiment of Supreme Deity) as high as three meters. This statue has Lakçana (attributes or symbol) of Shiva, which chandrakapala (skull above the crescent moon), jatamakuta (crown of greatness), and Trinetra (third eye) on his forehead. This statue has four arms holding attributes of Shiva, such as aksamala (rosary), camara (horse tail hair flies repellent), and trident. This statue is wearing upawita (rope caste) dragon-shaped (cobra). Shiva depicted wearing a loincloth of tiger skins, pictured with carved heads, paws, and tail of a tiger on her thigh. Mahadeva Shiva statue stands on lotus pedestal above the square anvil-shaped yoni engraved on the northern side of the serpent (cobra).
The pages in the zone is the most sacred temple complex of the three zones. This court elevated surface and housed a stone fence enclosed square with four gates in the four directions of the compass. In the sand berpermukaan page there are eight main temples; ie the three main temples temple called Trimurti ("three states"), dedicated to the three supreme Hindu gods: Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver, and Shiva the Destruction.
With the discovery of so many historical relics such as temples are only a few hundred meters of each other, suggesting that the area around Prambanan in ancient times was an important area. Regions that have significant value both in terms of religious, political, economic, and cultural. Allegedly center Medang Mataram kingdom located somewhere in the plains. The wealth of archaeological sites, as well as the sophistication and beauty of the temples of Prambanan Plain making equally with other famous historical district in Southeast Asia, such as the archaeological site of the ancient city of Angkor, Bagan, and Ayutthaya.
With the discovery of so many historical relics such as temples are only a few hundred meters of each other, suggesting that the area around Prambanan in ancient times was an important area. Regions that have significant value both in terms of religious, political, economic, and cultural. Allegedly center Medang Mataram kingdom located somewhere in the plains. The wealth of archaeological sites, as well as the sophistication and beauty of the temples of Prambanan Plain making equally with other famous historical district in Southeast Asia, such as the archaeological site of the ancient city of Angkor, Bagan, and Ayutthaya.
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